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Fred Hollows

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Fred Hollows was a dedicated ophthalmologist who spent his life restoring sight to people in need. An ophthalmologist is a medical doctor who specializes in eye health and surgery. He became a global figure through his work with Indigenous Australians and his international humanitarian efforts. Through The Fred Hollows Foundation, his mission continues to provide eye care to the underprivileged.

Farnham House-2
Farnham House-2

Hollows focused heavily on treating trachoma, a serious eye disease. In the developed world, this disease is rare, but it was prevalent in many Indigenous Australian communities. To fight this, he organized the National Trachoma and Eye Health Program between 1976 and 1978. This program was funded by the Federal Government to improve eye health in remote areas. He spent three years traveling to provide direct care and conduct surveys. During this time, he visited more than 460 Aboriginal communities. He examined 62,000 people, which led to 27,000 being treated for trachoma and 1,000 successful operations.

His medical work also expanded into international training programs. In 1985, he visited Nepal, and in 1987, he traveled to Eritrea. By 1991, he had also worked in Vietnam. His goal was to train local technicians to perform eye surgery themselves. This helped create a sustainable system of care in developing countries. To make treatment affordable, he organized laboratories to manufacture intraocular lenses. These are lenses placed inside the eye during surgery. In Eritrea and Nepal, these laboratories produced lenses for about A$10 each. This low cost made life-changing surgery accessible to the poor.

Fred Hollows was born on April 9, 1929, in Dunedin, New Zealand. He was the fourth son of Joseph Hollows and Clarice Marshall. His father had worked as a railway fireman and later a driver. During his youth, Hollows was an active member of the New Zealand Alpine Club. He was known for his physical strength and kindness. In 1951, he famously offered to carry a 70 lb (32 kg) pack for the explorer Edmund Hillary. After studying at Victoria University of Wellington, he enrolled at Otago Medical School. He later moved to England to study at Moorfields Eye Hospital in 1961.

Hollows moved to Australia in 1965 and became an associate professor at the University of New South Wales. He chaired the ophthalmology division for many years, overseeing teaching at several hospitals. He was deeply involved in social and political causes. He was a member of the Communist Party of New Zealand during the 1950s and 1960s. He also helped establish the Aboriginal Medical Service in Redfern, Sydney, in 1971. He was a vocal advocate for better living conditions for Indigenous Australians. In 1989, he officially adopted Australian citizenship.

His life was marked by many significant honors and awards. In 1990, he was named Australian of the Year. He also received the Human Rights Medal that same year. In 1991, he was named Humanist of the Year and appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia. He was even named the first honorary citizen of Eritrea. Even the scientific community honored him when an asteroid, 12113 Hollows, was named after him in 1998. In Australia, his legacy is seen on a $1 coin and on a Sydney ferry named the Fred Hollows.

Fred Hollows died in Sydney on February 10, 1993. He was 63 years old, just 57 days short of his 64th birthday. The cause of his death was metastatic renal cancer, which had affected his lungs and brain. He had been living with this diagnosis since 1987. Despite his illness, he continued his advocacy until the end. He was given a state funeral at St Mary's Cathedral in Sydney. Following his wishes, he was buried in Bourke, a place where he had worked extensively in the 1970s.

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