Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
💻

DVD

technology Maturity 9-11 Next article →

A Digital Versatile Disc, or DVD, is a digital optical disc data storage format.

DVD logo
DVD logo

It is used to store many types of digital data, including video programs, software, and computer files. The name was changed to "digital versatile disc" in 1995 to show its flexibility for many uses. This change happened because computer companies wanted to ensure the format was used for more than just video. DVDs are very important because they hold much more information than a compact disc (CD). Even though they have more capacity, they are the same physical size as a CD.

Comparison disk storage
Comparison disk storage

Storage capacity depends on how many layers the disc has. A standard single-layer DVD can store up to 4.7 GB of data. A dual-layer DVD can hold up to 8.5 GB of data on a single side. There are also dual-layer, double-sided DVDs that can store a maximum of 17.08 GB.

Dvdpencilrsizecomparison
Dvdpencilrsizecomparison

These discs are made in different ways depending on their purpose. Prerecorded DVDs are mass-produced using molding machines. These machines physically stamp the data onto the disc. These are called DVD-ROMs because the data can only be read, not written or erased.

Other types of discs allow for recording and erasing data. Blank recordable discs, known as DVD-R and DVD+R, can be recorded only one time. Once they are written, they function like a DVD-ROM. There are also rewritable DVDs, such as DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and DVD-RAM. These specific types can be recorded and erased many times.

Sony DVD+RW
Sony DVD+RW

Some discs are even made of two separate discs. Each disc is 0.6 mm thick. They are glued together to form a single DVD. This process must be very careful. If the disc is not perfectly flat, it causes "disc tilt," which prevents the player from reading it.

The history of the DVD is a story of different companies working together. In 1993, formats like Video CD (VCD) were already being used for digital films. By 1994, two different groups were developing new formats. One group, backed by Philips and Sony, worked on the Multimedia Compact Disc (MMCD). Another group, including Toshiba and Hitachi, supported the Super Density (SD) disc. These two groups were in a competition to see which format would win.

schouhamerimmink
schouhamerimmink

In 1995, five major computer companies, including IBM, Apple, and Microsoft, stepped in. They did not want two different formats to exist. They threatened to boycott both formats unless the companies agreed on one single standard. They even asked Lou Gerstner, the president of IBM, to help pressure the executives. This led to a major compromise. The groups agreed to adopt a proposal called SD 9. This meant both layers of a dual-layered disc could be read from the same side. This prevented the need for a two-sided disc that users had to flip over.

After the groups unified on September 15, 1995, the DVD format was finalized. The format was first released in Japan on November 1, 1996. It was mostly used for music video releases at first. The first major movie releases came from Warner Home Video in December 1996. The United States launch happened in stages. It began in seven test markets on March 24, 1997. A nationwide rollout followed in August 1997. By 2001, DVD players were outselling VCRs in the United States for the first time.

DVDs changed how people enjoyed home entertainment. They helped movies replace the common VHS tape. Many people also used them for video games. The PlayStation 2 was the first video game console to run DVDs.

PS2-Fat-Console-Set
PS2-Fat-Console-Set

Other consoles like the Xbox and Xbox 360 also used DVDs for games and software. By 2007, about 80% of Americans owned a DVD player. This was a higher percentage than people who owned personal computers or cable television. DVDs became a central part of digital life for many years.

650 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:DVD logo.svg
DVD logo.svg
File:schouhamerimmink.jpg
schouhamerimmink.jpg
File:PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg
PS2-Fat-Console-Set.jpg
File:Comparison disk storage.svg
Comparison disk storage.svg
File:Sony DVD+RW.jpg
Sony DVD+RW.jpg
File:Sony CRX310S-Internal-PC-DVD-Drive-Opened.jpg
Sony CRX310S-Internal-PC-DVD-Drive-Opened.jpg
File:Dvdpencilrsizecomparison.png
Dvdpencilrsizecomparison.png
File:Dvd-burning-cutaway3.JPG
Dvd-burning-cutaway3.JPG
File:Dismdvd.jpg
Dismdvd.jpg
File:QPxTool DVD error rate graph.png
QPxTool DVD error rate graph.png
File:DVDs on Library Shelves.JPG
DVDs on Library Shelves.JPG
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.