Dewey Decimal Classification

A man named Melvil Dewey had a big idea.

He wanted to sort books by what they are about.

Before this, books were kept in fixed spots.

He used numbers to group books together. This makes it easy to find a book. It also helps put books back in the right place.

Many libraries use his system today. It is used in many lands around the world.

This helps people find great stories.

Melvil Dewey was a librarian in the United States.

In 1876, he shared a new way to sort books.

Before his idea, libraries gave books a fixed spot. They put books on shelves based on when they arrived. This made it hard to find books about the same topic.

Dewey used numbers to group books by subject. He used three-digit numbers for main groups. He also used decimals to add more detail. This way, books on the same topic sit together. For example, a book on computer networks has a special number. This number places it near other similar books. It also helps people put books back in the right spot.

Many libraries use this system today. By 2009, it was used in 200,000 libraries. These libraries are in at least 135 countries. A group called OCLC keeps the system updated. They even have a version online called WebDewey.

Have you ever wondered how libraries keep millions of books organized?

The Dewey Decimal Classification is a famous system used to sort books by their subject. It uses numbers to help people find exactly what they need. This system makes sure books about the same topic stay together on the shelf. It also helps people return books to their correct homes. Without a good system, finding a specific book would be a very hard job.

The system works by using three-digit numbers for main groups of knowledge. To add more specific details, it uses numbers after a decimal point. For example, a book about computer networks might have the number 004.62. This number places it right after general networking books at 004.6. It also keeps it before books about other things like peripherals at 004.7. This method is called relative location. It is much better than old ways of sorting books.

Before this system, libraries used a method called fixed positioning. This meant books were given a permanent spot based on when they arrived. Librarians often kept the book stacks closed to most people. Melvil Dewey was an American librarian who wanted to change this. He began developing his ideas in 1873 while working at Amherst College. In 1876, he published his first version in a 44-page pamphlet. This first edition had 2,000 index entries and only 200 copies.

As time went on, the system grew much larger. The second edition in 1885 had 10,000 index entries. By the 14th edition in 1942, the index was over 1,900 pages long. Many people helped make the system better through their suggestions. In 1930, the Library of Congress started printing these numbers on many cards. This helped many libraries use the system more easily. By 2009, the system was used in 200,000 libraries across 135 countries.

Today, the system continues to change with our modern world. A non-profit group called OCLC manages the system now. They provide an online version called WebDewey that is updated every few months. There is also an abridged version for smaller libraries that need something simpler. This system connects readers to knowledge in almost every corner of the globe. It remains one of the most complete ways to organize human learning. It helps libraries stay open and helpful for everyone.

The Dewey Decimal Classification, often called the Dewey Decimal System, is a proprietary library classification system. It organizes books based on their specific discipline and subject matter. This system is vital because it allows libraries to manage vast collections of knowledge. It provides a way to locate any specific volume within a massive building.

By using numbers, it ensures that books on similar topics are kept together. This helps both librarians and readers navigate through information efficiently.

The system operates through a method known as relative location and relative index. It uses three-digit numbers to represent main classes of knowledge. To allow for much more specific detail, the system uses fractional decimals. This means a librarian can add numbers after a decimal point to narrow a topic. For example, a book on the network protocol IPv6 would be assigned the number 004.62. This places it precisely after general networking books at 004.6. It also keeps it before books about peripherals at 004.7.

This mathematical approach allows the system to expand indefinitely as new subjects are discovered.

Before this system became common, libraries used a method called fixed positioning. In fixed positioning, books were given permanent shelf locations based on their size or acquisition date. This meant the location was tied to when the book arrived, not what it was about. Most library stacks were closed to the public during this era. Patrons could not browse the shelves freely. The Dewey system changed this by focusing on the subject instead of the physical object. This shift supported the rise of open shelf access for all patrons.

Melvil Dewey, an American librarian and reformer, invented the system in the 1870s. He developed these ideas in 1873 while working at the Amherst College library. In 1876, he published the first version as a 44-page pamphlet. This initial edition contained 2,000 index entries and had only 200 copies printed.

Dewey was a founding member of the American Library Association. He also promoted the use of card systems in both libraries and businesses. His goal was to make information more accessible to everyone.

As the system was adopted, it underwent many major revisions and expansions. The second edition, published in 1885, grew to 314 pages with 10,000 index entries. Between 1888 and 1942, several more editions were released to meet growing demand. The system became quite large over time. By the 14th edition in 1942, the index exceeded 1,900 pages and required two volumes. To help smaller libraries, an abridged version was created in 1894. This version follows the full edition but is easier to manage.

In 1930, the Library of Congress began printing these numbers on library cards. This made the system even more widely available to libraries everywhere.

The scale of the Dewey Decimal Classification is truly massive. As of 2009, the system was used in 200,000 libraries. These libraries are located in at least 135 different countries. In the United States, a 1927 study showed the system was used in 96% of public libraries. It was also used in 89% of college libraries. This widespread use demonstrates how much the world relies on this specific way of organizing thought. It has become a global standard for managing human knowledge.

Today, the system is maintained by OCLC, a non-profit cooperative. They acquired the trademark and copyrights in 1988 when they bought Forest Press. The system has moved from paper to the digital age. The first electronic version was created in 1993. Now, librarians use WebDewey, which is an online version that is updated every quarter.

The system remains a vital tool that connects people to information across the entire globe.