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Carp

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Carp are a huge group of freshwater fish. They belong to a family called Cyprinidae. Most of these fish come from Eurasia, which covers much of Europe and Asia.

Common carp Minnesota
Common carp Minnesota

People view these fish in many different ways. In some parts of the world, they are prized for food. Other people keep them as ornamental fish because they are beautiful. However, in places like Australia or the United States, they are often seen as invasive pests.

Cyprinids aquaculture production
Cyprinids aquaculture production

This means they move into new areas and push out local fish.

These fish have amazing ways to stay alive. Some carp can live for months without much oxygen. This is helpful when they are stuck under ice or in stagnant water.

Hal - Cyprinus carpio and Amia calva skeletons detail
Hal - Cyprinus carpio and Amia calva skeletons detail

To do this, they use a special way it works inside their bodies. They change stored energy into lactic acid. Then, they turn that acid into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Finally, the ethanol leaves their bodies through their gills. This allows them to survive in very tough conditions.

Humans have worked with carp for a very long time. People in China have practiced aquaculture, or fish farming, for at least 2,400 years.

Goldfish in Fish Swimming Amid Falling Flowers by Liu Cai (cropped)
Goldfish in Fish Swimming Amid Falling Flowers by Liu Cai (cropped)

An old Chinese text from the fifth century BC even describes how to raise them in ponds. In Japan, people have bred colorful koi fish since the early 19th century. These beautiful fish were made through selective breeding. This is when people choose certain fish to make babies with. They wanted fish with bright colors for decoration.

There are many different kinds of carp with different sizes. The common carp can grow to 110 centimeters long. It can also weigh about 40.1 kilograms.

NT IUCN 3 1
NT IUCN 3 1

The grass carp is even larger, reaching up to 150 centimeters. Some fish, like the silver carp, are listed as near threatened. Others, like the bighead carp, have data that is still being studied. In the United States, common carp are very common in the Midwest. They were introduced to these waters in the 1880s.

Many things you know might link back to the carp. If you have ever seen a goldfish, you are looking at a relative of the carp. Goldfish were originally bred from a dark greyish-brown carp in Asia.

GoldfishPearl
GoldfishPearl

People in China began breeding them for color over a thousand years ago. You might also know koi fish from beautiful garden ponds. Even the way people fish for sport is linked to them. In the UK, carp angling is a very popular hobby. Some anglers even look for the hardest fish to catch.

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🖼️ Images & Media (14)
File:Unsere Süßwasserfische (Tafel 33) (6102602781).jpg
Unsere Süßwasserfische (Tafel 33) (6102602781).jpg
File:Common_carp_Minnesota.jpg
Common_carp_Minnesota.jpg
File:Hal_-_Cyprinus_carpio_and_Amia_calva_skeletons_detail.jpg
Hal_-_Cyprinus_carpio_and_Amia_calva_skele...
File:2006-11-24 Koi.jpg
2006-11-24 Koi.jpg
File:NT IUCN 3 1.svg
NT IUCN 3 1.svg
File:LC IUCN 3 1.svg
LC IUCN 3 1.svg
File:DD IUCN 3 1.svg
DD IUCN 3 1.svg
File:VU IUCN 3 1.svg
VU IUCN 3 1.svg
File:Cyprinids aquaculture production.png
Cyprinids aquaculture production.png
File:Goldfish in Fish Swimming Amid Falling Flowers by Liu Cai (cropped).jpg
Goldfish in Fish Swimming Amid Falling...
File:Shoal of carp (4082185105).jpg
Shoal of carp (4082185105).jpg
File:GoldfishPearl.jpg
GoldfishPearl.jpg

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