Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🎨

Bertel Thorvaldsen

arts Maturity 7-9 death dying Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: death_dying. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Bertel Thorvaldsen was a world-renowned Danish-Icelandic sculptor and medalist.

He was a leading figure of the Neoclassical period. This movement focused on imitating the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Thorvaldsen believed that true greatness came from studying these classical models. His work often featured themes from Greek mythology or portraits of important people. He was considered the successor to the master sculptor Antonio Canova. After Canova died in 1822, Thorvaldsen became the most prominent artist in his field.

Thorvaldsen's artistic journey began in a humble working-class home in Copenhagen. His father, Gottskálk Þorvaldsson, was an Icelander who worked as a wood carver. He created decorative carvings for large ships at a shipyard. This early exposure to shaping materials influenced Bertel's career choice. At age eleven, Thorvaldsen was admitted to the Royal Danish Academy of Art. He first studied as a draftsman. From 1786, he moved into the modeling school. He also worked at night helping his father with wood carving.

Thorvaldsen som ung
Thorvaldsen som ung

His talent was recognized early through various academic honors. In 1793, he won several prizes ranging from silver to gold. One notable achievement was a relief depicting St. Peter healing a beggar. This success earned him a royal stipend for further education. He used this money to travel to Rome. He arrived in Rome on March 8, 1797. Because his exact birth date was never recorded, he celebrated this arrival date as his "Roman birthday" for the rest of his life.

Jasão e o Velo de ouro - Bertel Thorvaldsen - 1803
Jasão e o Velo de ouro - Bertel Thorvaldsen - 1803

In Rome, Thorvaldsen developed a professional system to manage his growing fame. He maintained a large workshop in the stables of the Palazzo Barberini. He lived at the Casa Buti near the Spanish Steps. To handle many commissions, he employed several assistants. These assistants performed the heavy labor of marble cutting. Thorvaldsen focused on creating the initial sketches and the final finishing touches. One rare example of his solo work is the statue of Adonis. Commissioned by Ludwig I of Bavaria in 1808, it was finished in 1832. It remains one of the few marble pieces he carved entirely by his own hand.

Thorvaldsen's career was marked by several major international commissions. In 1803, the English patron Thomas Hope commissioned a marble version of Jason. This work was not completed until 25 years later due to Thorvaldsen's busy schedule. Between 1817 and 1829, he worked on a colossal series of statues for the Copenhagen Cathedral. These represented Christ and the Twelve Apostles. He also created the Lion Monument in Lucerne, Switzerland, in 1819. This monument commemorates over 600 Swiss Guards who died during the French Revolution.

Bertel-Thorvaldsen-1840
Bertel-Thorvaldsen-1840

His sculptures reached a global audience through diverse subjects. He created an equestrian statue of Prince Józef Poniatowski in Warsaw. He also sculpted Nicolaus Copernicus for the Polish Academy of Sciences. A bronze replica of the Copernicus statue was placed in Chicago in 1973. One of his most significant religious works was the tomb of Pope Pius VII. This is located in St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. As a Protestant, Thorvaldsen was not allowed to sign this Catholic commission. This led to a legend that he carved his own face onto the shoulders of the Pope.

Thorvaldsen's life ended following a sudden heart attack in 1844. He had recently returned to his work after a period of illness. He died shortly after a dinner with friends, including H. C. Andersen. He left much of his fortune to establish a museum in Copenhagen. The Thorvaldsen Museum was built next to Christiansborg Palace.

Gallery - Thorvaldsens Museum - DSC08631
Gallery - Thorvaldsens Museum - DSC08631

It houses his marble and plaster works, along with his personal collections. He requested to be buried in the museum's inner courtyard. Today, he rests there under a bed of roses.

Thorvaldsens Museum
Thorvaldsens Museum
621 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Thorvaldsen som ung.jpg
Thorvaldsen som ung.jpg
File:Jasão e o Velo de ouro - Bertel Thorvaldsen - 1803.jpg
Jasão e o Velo de ouro - Bertel...
File:C.W. Eckersberg - Bertel Thorvaldsen - Google Art Project.jpg
C.W. Eckersberg - Bertel Thorvaldsen -...
File:Thorvaldsens modtagelse på Toldboden, 17 September1838.jpg
Thorvaldsens modtagelse på Toldboden, 17...
File:Bertel-Thorvaldsen-1840.jpg
Bertel-Thorvaldsen-1840.jpg
File:Bertel Thorvaldsen with the Bust of Horace Vernet.jpg
Bertel Thorvaldsen with the Bust of...
File:Mainz, Germany, Silver Medal 1840, Gutenberg Printing Press 400th Anniversary, obverse.jpg
Mainz, Germany, Silver Medal 1840,...
File:Gallery - Thorvaldsens Museum - DSC08631.JPG
Gallery - Thorvaldsens Museum - DSC08631.JPG
File:Bertel Thorvaldsen - Cupid.jpg
Bertel Thorvaldsen - Cupid.jpg
File:Thorvaldsens Museum.JPG
Thorvaldsens Museum.JPG
More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.