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Banknote

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A banknote is a special kind of paper money.

US-$100-FRN-1928-Fr.2150-G
US-$100-FRN-1928-Fr.2150-G

Banks are the groups that make and hand out these notes. When you hold a banknote, it is a promise to pay the person holding it. In the past, many private commercial banks made their own notes. These banks had to trade the paper for real gold or silver coins. This was called backing the notes with something of substance. Today, most countries use national banknotes issued by central banks. These notes are often legal tender, which means courts must accept them to pay debts.

Making a banknote is a very careful and difficult job. Most notes are made from special paper instead of regular paper. This paper often uses cotton mixed with fibers like linen or abaca.

Five dollar Banknote of Citizens Bank of Louisiana
Five dollar Banknote of Citizens Bank of Louisiana

Using these materials makes the note much stronger and more resilient. Most paper banknotes last for about two years in use. To add extra strength, makers use gelatin or polyvinyl alcohol instead of water. Some places even use plastic, called polymer, to make the money last longer.

Banknotes have a long and interesting history.

In 1696, the Bank of Scotland became the first bank in Europe to print its own notes. It is still the longest continuous issuer of banknotes in the world. In the United States, private banks issued their own notes until the government took more control. Between 1863 and 1932, these notes had to follow government rules. They often had the names and signatures of bank leaders printed on them. This helped people know the money was real and official.

Security is the most important part of making money.

Rupiah Tahun Emisi 2022
Rupiah Tahun Emisi 2022

Banks use many tricks to stop people from making fake notes. One trick is a watermark, which is a faint image inside the paper. A maker named Rice Watkins first used watermarks in 1697. Another trick is a security thread that sits inside the paper. Some threads are even "windowed," meaning they show up on the surface of the note. Modern notes also use holograms and shiny foils to make them hard to copy. These features help people tell the money apart by touch or sight.

If money is not backed by something valuable, it can cause big problems. During wars or revolutions, some governments printed too much paper money. This sometimes led to hyperinflation, where the money lost its value very quickly. For example, in 1922, one gold Austro-Hungarian krone was worth 14,400 paper Kronen. Today, most money is fiat money, which means it has value because the government says so. We use coins for small amounts of money and banknotes for higher values. This system helps our modern world trade goods and services every day.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Collage for banknote design, Bank of Manchester, UK, 1833. On display at the British Museum in London.jpg
Collage for banknote design, Bank of...
File:Five dollar Banknote of Citizens Bank of Louisiana.jpg
Five dollar Banknote of Citizens Bank of...
File:US-$100-FRN-1928-Fr.2150-G.jpg
US-$100-FRN-1928-Fr.2150-G.jpg
File:Rupiah Tahun Emisi 2022.jpg
Rupiah Tahun Emisi 2022.jpg
File:ROL 2000 1999 obverse.jpg
ROL 2000 1999 obverse.jpg
File:Russian-American Co - 1 Ruble (7559).jpg
Russian-American Co - 1 Ruble (7559).jpg
File:5 Euro note in bad condition.jpg
5 Euro note in bad condition.jpg
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