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Auld Lang Syne

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John Masey Wright - John Rogers - Robert Burns - Auld Lang Syne crop
John Masey Wright - John Rogers - Robert Burns - Auld Lang Syne crop

Auld Lang Syne is a famous Scottish song. It is used to mark important endings and new beginnings. In the English-speaking world, it is traditionally sung to bid farewell to the old year. This happens at the stroke of midnight on Hogmanay, which is the Scottish name for New Year's Eve.

EdinburghNYE
EdinburghNYE

The song also serves many other purposes. It is often heard at funerals, graduations, and other farewell occasions. Many branches of the Scouting movement use it to close jamborees. It can even signal that a retail store is closing for the day. It is a musical way to honor the past while moving toward the future.

The song's lyrics are based on a Scots-language poem. Robert Burns wrote this poem in 1788. He noted that he took the song from an old man. He wanted to preserve an old song that had never been in print. The title, "Auld Lang Syne," can be translated into English as "old long since." This means "long, long ago" or "times long past." The chorus asks if old acquaintances should be forgotten. The answer is a call to remember long-standing friendships. It suggests taking a "cup o' kindness" to celebrate those old times.

PG 1063Burns Naysmith
PG 1063Burns Naysmith

The music we recognize today is a pentatonic tune. A pentatonic scale uses only five notes per octave. This specific melody became standard in 1799. It appeared in George Thomson's Select Songs of Scotland. This book was the second volume of a larger collection. Before this, the song had a different melody. Burns actually thought that older melody was "mediocre." The current tune was likely originally a sprightly dance. It probably had a much quicker tempo than it does now.

William Shield
William Shield

Many famous composers have interacted with this melody. In 1782, William Shield quoted the tune in his opera Rosina. In 1792, Joseph Haydn arranged the song for George Thomson. Haydn's arrangement was one of over 400 Scottish folk song arrangements. This helped make the song very popular. Ludwig van Beethoven also wrote an arrangement in 1814. His version was part of his 12 Scottish Folksongs. Both Haydn and Beethoven used the original, brisk strathspey rhythm. A strathspey is a type of Scottish dance.

Beethoven
Beethoven

The melody has been used in many different ways. George M. Cohan used the melody in "You're a Grand Old Flag." He made the melody identical except for one syllable. Ernest Tomlinson wrote a 20-minute Fantasia on the song in 1976. This piece includes 152 quotations from other composers. The tune has even been used for religious purposes. In the Sacred Harp tradition, it is called "Plenary." Another version is called "Fair Haven." Even Cliff Richard used the melody for "The Millennium Prayer" in 1999.

Singing the song often involves a specific physical ritual. In Scotland, people form a large circle by joining hands. During the last verse, everyone crosses their arms across their chest. This means your right hand reaches the neighbor on your left. Outside of Scotland, people often cross their arms from the very beginning. At the end of the song, everyone rushes into the middle of the circle. They remain joined by their hands while they move. At weddings, the bride and groom are often lifted in the center.

The song has traveled globally as people emigrated. It has even served as a national anthem. South Korea used the melody as its anthem in the 1940s. The Maldives used the tune until 1972. It is also a staple in military traditions. Young officers at Sandhurst march to its beat. Similar customs exist at the Royal Military College of Canada and in Malaysia. It is also used at the National Defence Academy in India. This song truly connects people across many different nations and cultures.

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🖼️ Images & Media (9)
File:John Masey Wright - John Rogers - Robert Burns - Auld Lang Syne crop.jpg
John Masey Wright - John Rogers - Robert...
File:PG 1063Burns Naysmith.jpg
PG 1063Burns Naysmith.jpg
File:William Shield .png
William Shield .png
File:Beethoven.jpg
Beethoven.jpg
File:EdinburghNYE.jpg
EdinburghNYE.jpg
File:Crystal Project video camera.png
Crystal Project video camera.png
File:Description- Visitors try Scottish ceilidh dancing at the 2003 Smithsonian Folklife Festival on the National Mall. (2548929276).jpg
Description- Visitors try Scottish...
1946년 태극기 게양식 올드 랭 사인 애국가.ogg
File:FrankCStanley - restored.jpg
FrankCStanley - restored.jpg
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