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Applause

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Applause is a widespread human custom used to express praise, approval, or an ovation. Most commonly, it involves the physical act of clapping, which is striking the palms of the hands together to create sound.

Arabic arts festival applause
Arabic arts festival applause

Audiences typically use this gesture after a performance, such as a play, a speech, or a musical concert. This action serves as a way for participants to show enjoyment and fulfills a social need to feel included in the event. While the exact age of this custom is uncertain, it remains a fundamental way for people to communicate shared appreciation.

The mechanics of applause can vary greatly depending on the tools and body parts used. While clapping is the standard, people can devise many ways to make noise to show approval. This might include stomping feet on the floor or rapping fists and hands against a table. In specific settings, the method of making noise is governed by social conventions. For example, in the game of snooker, a player might reward a difficult shot by tapping their cue against the edge of the table. In skateboarding culture, observers express encouragement by banging their boards against the ground.

Different cultures and settings have developed distinct types of applause. In deaf culture, audiences use a visual variant known as visual applause. Instead of making sound, they raise their hands straight up with outstretched fingers and twist their wrists.

Visual Applause for the Deaf
Visual Applause for the Deaf

In classical music, the etiquette is much stricter. While a standing ovation—where the entire audience rises to show extreme approval—is common, indiscriminate clapping is often seen as a violation of protocol. In these settings, listeners usually wait until the end of an entire work rather than clapping between individual movements.

History shows that the rituals of applause have shifted significantly over time. Ancient Romans used specific gestures to show different degrees of approval at public performances. Wealthy spectators would wave their togas, while lower-class spectators waved pieces of cloth. The Roman emperor Aurelian eventually substituted these cloths with napkins he distributed to the people. By the 1830s, French theaters saw the rise of the claque. A claque was an organized group of professional applauders paid to create the illusion of high approval. These professionals had specific roles, such as "laughers" who feigned laughter or "criers" who faked tears to influence the audience.

The influence of these professional groups led to changes in how music is composed. Famous composers like Gustav Mahler and Felix Mendelssohn began requesting that their scores have no breaks between movements. They did this specifically to prevent the claque from interrupting the flow of the music with applause. This historical tension helped create the modern applause etiquette found in many classical concert halls today. Similarly, the composer Richard Wagner changed opera structures to eliminate musical "full stops," ensuring the music flowed continuously to prevent interruptions.

In modern professional settings, the timing and purpose of applause follow strict protocols. Politicians and musicians often receive applause as soon as they appear on stage. This is not a response to a specific performance, but an accolade for their past achievements. In the United States, the President of the United States often receives interruptions of applause during the State of the Union Address. In contrast, legislative bodies like the UK Parliament and the Parliament of India generally prohibit clapping. In these halls, members instead show support by shouting "hear, hear!" or by thumping their desks.

Applause also serves unique functions in specialized environments. At film festivals like Cannes or Venice, standing ovations can last longer than 20 minutes. These long displays of approval are often directed at the director and actors rather than the film itself. In the world of sports, such as football in Britain or basketball in Israel, a "minute's applause" has emerged as a way to show respect. This practice has even begun to replace the traditional minute of silence used for the deceased in some instances. Whether it is a quiet "golf clap" or a thunderous roar, applause remains a powerful tool for human connection.

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🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Arabic arts festival applause.jpg
Arabic arts festival applause.jpg
File:Aleksey Semenenko, Kyiv Syphony Orchestra, Kurhaus Wiesbaden.jpg
Aleksey Semenenko, Kyiv Syphony...
File:Visual Applause for the Deaf.jpg
Visual Applause for the Deaf.jpg
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