African bullfrog

The African bullfrog is a very large frog. It lives in many hot lands. The males are much bigger than the females.

This frog eats many things. It eats bugs, fish, and small birds. It can even eat small snakes.

When it is dry, the frog makes a skin coat. This coat keeps the water inside its body.

Rain helps the frog. The water softens the skin coat. Then the frog crawls out.

Fathers guard the tiny babies. They stay near the water to keep them safe. It is a busy life for this big frog.

The African bullfrog is a very big frog. It lives in many parts of Africa. It can live in dry lands or near water.

These frogs are voracious carnivores. This means they are hungry meat-eaters. They eat bugs, fish, and small birds. They even eat small snakes!

When the land gets very dry, the frog goes dormant. This means it rests to save energy. The frog makes a cocoon around its body. This skin coat stops water from leaving its body. When it rains, the water softens the cocoon. Then the frog crawls out.

Fathers are very good at guarding their young. They stay with the tadpoles in shallow water. The father will bite anything that looks like a threat. If a pool dries up, the father digs a canal. He uses his head and legs to move water. This helps the babies reach a bigger pond.

Many people keep these frogs as pets. A pet bullfrog can live for 35 years.

The African bullfrog is a huge amphibian. You might also call it the giant bullfrog. It is one of the largest frogs on Earth. Only five other frogs are bigger than it. These frogs live in many African countries. They can be found in Angola and Botswana. They also live in Kenya, Malawi, and Mozambique. You can find them in Namibia and South Africa. They live in places like dry shrublands and marshes.

This frog has a very interesting way of staying safe. When the land gets dry, the frog becomes dormant. This means it goes into a deep rest. The frog builds a cocoon around its body. This skin coat covers everything except its nostrils. The cocoon stops water from leaving the frog's body. When rain falls, the water softens the cocoon. Then the frog simply crawls out.

Feeding is a big part of life for this frog. It is a voracious carnivore. This means it is a very hungry meat-eater. It eats insects and small fish. It even eats small rodents and birds. One frog at a zoo once ate 17 snakes! They are also known to eat their own kind. Sometimes the males eat the tadpoles they guard. Young frogs might eat tadpoles too.

Raising babies is a very busy job for the males. They breed in shallow pools after it rains. The males make a low-pitched whoop sound. Large males fight to hold the best spots. A female will swim to the middle to find a big male. She lays between 3,000 and 4,000 eggs at once. The father stays to guard the tiny tadpoles. If a pond dries up, the father digs a canal. He uses his head and legs to move water to a bigger pond.

People around the world know these frogs in different ways. In Namibia, they are considered a delicacy. Many people also keep them as exotic pets. Pet frogs can live for 35 years in captivity. They are often easy to care for. In 2013, their status changed to "least concern." This means they are doing well in the wild.

The African bullfrog, known scientifically as Pyxicephalus adspersus, is a massive amphibian. It is also called the giant bullfrog or the South African burrowing frog. Some people call it the pixie frog because of its scientific name. This species is one of the largest anurans on the planet. An anuran is the scientific group that includes frogs and toads. It is only the sixth largest in the world. It follows the goliath frog, the helmeted water toad, the Lake Junin frog, Blyth's river frog, and the cane toad.

These frogs live across many different parts of Africa. Their range includes Angola, Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. They may also live in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, they have been extirpated from Eswatini. Extirpated means they no longer live in that specific area. They prefer many types of habitats. They live in moist to dry savanna and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. They also use freshwater lakes, marshes, canals, and even flooded ditches.

Physical appearance varies depending on the age and sex of the frog. Adult frogs have a dark olive-green dorsum, which is their back. Their abdomen is white or creamy-yellow. Breeding males have yellow forelimbs, which are their front legs. In many amphibians, females are larger than males to help with amplexus. Amplexus is the mating embrace between frogs. In the African bullfrog, the males are much larger. Females are actually half the size of the males. Juvenile frogs look different than adults. They have bright green skin with a yellow stripe down their back.

Survival in dry weather requires a special process. When conditions become dry, the bullfrog becomes dormant. To prevent drying out, the frog forms a cocoon. This cocoon covers the entire body surface except for the external nostrils. This layer significantly decreases the rate of evaporative water loss. When it rains, the water softens the cocoon. The frog then crawls out of its protective layer. This allows the bullfrog to survive in environments that change from wet to dry.

Feeding habits of the African bullfrog are very intense. They are voracious carnivores, meaning they are extremely hungry meat-eaters. They eat insects, invertebrates, small rodents, reptiles, small birds, fish, and other amphibians. They will eat anything that fits in their mouths. This includes cannibalism, where they eat members of their own species. Males may occasionally eat the tadpoles they are guarding. Juveniles may also eat tadpoles. One bullfrog at the Pretoria Zoo once ate 17 juvenile Rinkhals snakes.

Reproduction begins after about two days of rain. Males call out during the rainy season with a low-pitched whoop. This call lasts about one second. Males use different strategies based on their age. Young males gather in small areas of shallow water. Larger males occupy the center of breeding arenas called leks. These large males fight to chase others away. They may cause injury or even death to other males. A female will swim along the surface to find a group. She then dives and surfaces near a dominant male to mate. A female lays between 3,000 and 4,000 eggs at a time.

After the eggs are laid, the tadpoles hatch and begin feeding. They eat vegetation, small fish, and invertebrates. They may even eat each other. The father plays a very important role in their development. He guards the tadpoles as they metamorphose, or change form, within three weeks. He is very overprotective and bites anything he sees as a threat. If a pool starts to dry up, the father acts to save them. He uses his head and legs to dig a canal. This canal connects the drying pond to a larger body of water.

Humans interact with the African bullfrog in several ways. They are popular exotic pets in many countries. In captivity, these frogs can live for 35 years. They are considered easygoing and low-maintenance for owners. In Namibia, the frog is considered a delicacy. The conservation status of the species has improved recently. Before 2013, they were considered near threatened in South Africa. Habitat loss was a major problem. However, habitat restoration and legal protections helped. In July 2013, they were reclassified as least concern. This means they are currently doing well globally.