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Adolf Galland

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Adolf Josef Ferdinand Galland was a prominent German Luftwaffe general and flying ace. He was a highly skilled pilot during the Second World War in Europe. Galland is remembered for his significant role in aerial combat and leadership. He flew a total of 705 combat missions throughout the conflict. During these missions, he fought on the Western Front and in the Defence of the Reich. He was credited with 104 aerial victories against the Western Allies.

Bf109 Galland Gerippe
Bf109 Galland Gerippe

Galland's journey into aviation began with gliders. Gliders are aircraft that fly without using an engine. In 1927, he joined a glider club in Borkenberge. At that time, the Treaty of Versailles prevented Germany from having an air force. Because of this, many aspiring pilots learned to fly using gliders. Galland became an outstanding glider pilot and an instructor by age 19. He eventually earned his professional pilot certificates through hard work and study.

To become a professional, Galland entered the Deutsche Verkehrsfliegerschule (German Commercial Flyers' School) in 1932. This was a very competitive process in Braunschweig. Out of 4,000 applicants, only 18 people were selected for flight training.

During this time, he flew aircraft like the Albatros L 101. He also flew large airliners for Luft Hansa, a German airline. In 1934, he officially joined the Luftwaffe, the German air force. He initially served in ground-attack roles during the Spanish Civil War.

Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-468-1421-36, Süditalien, Adolf Galland auf Flugplatz
Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-468-1421-36, Süditalien, Adolf Galland auf Flugplatz

Galland eventually transitioned from ground-attack missions to fighter pilot duties. He persuaded his superiors to let him fly the Messerschmitt Bf 109. This was a fast and famous fighter aircraft.

He fought in the Battle of France and the Battle of Britain. By the end of 1940, he had achieved 57 victories. In 1941, he continued fighting the Royal Air Force over the English Channel. By November 1941, his total victories reached 96. This success earned him the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords.

Messerschmitt Bf109E-3 '1190 white 4' (30517557307)
Messerschmitt Bf109E-3 '1190 white 4' (30517557307)

In November 1941, Galland took on a major leadership role. He succeeded Werner Mölders as the General der Jagdflieger. This position meant he was the commander of the German fighter force.

Bundesarchiv Bild 183-B12018, Geburtstag Theo Osterkamp, Gäste
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-B12018, Geburtstag Theo Osterkamp, Gäste

As a general, he was officially forbidden from flying combat missions. However, he still led important operations, such as the air cover for Operation Cerberus. This mission was a major success for the Kriegsmarine. For his leadership, he received the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds.

As the war progressed, Galland faced serious conflicts with military leadership. He disagreed with Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring about how to defend Germany. Göring believed the Luftwaffe was failing to stop Allied strategic bombing. Galland disagreed with these views and criticized the leadership. This caused their relationship to collapse in early 1945. Galland was relieved of his command and placed under house arrest. This happened following the Fighter Pilots' Revolt, where pilots confronted Göring about the air war.

Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-343-0674-16, Bruno Loerzer, Hermann Göring, Adolf Galland
Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-343-0674-16, Bruno Loerzer, Hermann Göring, Adolf Galland

Despite his removal from command, Galland returned to flying in March 1945. He was permitted to form a special jet fighter unit. He named this unit Jagdverband 44. He flew these new jet aircraft over Germany until the war ended in May 1945. After the war, Galland worked as a consultant for the Argentine Air Force. He later returned to Germany to manage his own business. Interestingly, he became friends with many former enemies, including British RAF aces. He lived a long life, passing away on February 9, 1996.

Friedhof Oberwinter - Adolf Galland 1
Friedhof Oberwinter - Adolf Galland 1
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🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:Stieglitzc 2008.jpg
Stieglitzc 2008.jpg
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-058-1784A-14, Frankreich, Jagdflugzeuge Me 109 auf Feldflugplatz.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-058-1784A-14,...
File:Bf109 Galland Gerippe.jpg
Bf109 Galland Gerippe.jpg
File:Messerschmitt Bf109E-3 '1190 white 4' (30517557307).jpg
Messerschmitt Bf109E-3 '1190 white 4'...
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-B12018, Geburtstag Theo Osterkamp, Gäste.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-B12018, Geburtstag...
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1981-066-11A, Berlin, Trauerfeier für Ernst Udet.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1981-066-11A,...
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-468-1421-36, Süditalien, Adolf Galland auf Flugplatz.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-468-1421-36,...
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-343-0674-16, Bruno Loerzer, Hermann Göring, Adolf Galland.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-343-0674-16, Bruno...
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H28056, Rechlin, Rüstungstagung, Speer, Milch, Galland.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H28056, Rechlin,...
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H28427, Rechlin, Rüstungstagung, Galland, Speer.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H28427, Rechlin,...
File:Friedhof Oberwinter - Adolf Galland 1.jpg
Friedhof Oberwinter - Adolf Galland 1.jpg
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