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Physical Science articles — Page 46

Explore matter, energy, chemistry and the physical laws that help explain everyday life. Choose an article below; its reading controls let you move between the available levels.

2,727 public articles · Page 46 of 57

Pound (force)

A pound is a way to measure push. It tells us how hard things pull. Earth pulls on things with this force. It helps us know how heavy things feel. We use it every day. Can you feel a heavy push?

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Pound per square inch

We use a way to measure push. It tells us how hard things push. This helps us fill up bike tires. It also helps us check blood. It is a very useful tool. Can you feel things push on you?

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Poynting's theorem

Energy moves in many ways. It can flow through space. It can also move tiny parts. This helps things work. It is a big idea. Do you see energy move?

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Precession

A spinning top moves in a circle. It does not just fall over. It wobbles as it spins. This helps the top stay up. It is a slow, round dance. Can you see it spin?

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Precious metal

Some metals are very special. They are hard to find. They shine very bright. We use them for pretty jewelry. People also use them for coins. Do you like shiny things?

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Precipitation (chemistry)

Sometimes things turn into solids. This can happen in a liquid. A solid part falls to the bottom. It can help us clean things. It can even help make strong metal. It is like magic! Have you seen things sink in water?

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Precipitation hardening

We can make metal very strong. We use heat to do this. Tiny bits grow inside the metal. These bits stop the metal from bending. This helps us build big planes. Do you like strong metal?

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Pre-exponential factor

Tiny bits of stuff bump into each other. They must hit in just the right way. This helps them change into new things. It makes things happen fast. It is like a game of tag. Do you like to play games?

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Present

The present is right now. It is not the past. It is not the future. This is the time you live in. It matters to you. Can you feel it? Do you know what you are doing now?

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Pressure gradient

Air pushes on everything. It pushes more as you go down. This push can move the air. This is how wind starts to blow. It moves from high push to low push. Can you feel the wind blow?

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Pressure–volume diagram

A special map shows how things move. It tracks how much space things take. It also tracks how hard they push. This map helps us see how engines work. It can even help us see how hearts work. Can you imagine a map for…

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Primordial nuclide

{ "text": Some tiny bits of matter are very old. They have been here since Earth was born. These bits were made in stars long ago. They are still in our world today. They help us learn about the past. Do you like old…

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Principal quantum number

Tiny parts live in an atom. They stay in layers. Some layers are close to the middle. Some layers are far away. These layers help the atom work. Do you want to learn more?

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Principle of covariance

Rules for how things move stay the same. They work for you and me. We can see things in different ways. But the rules do not change. This helps us learn about our world. It is very cool! Do you like to watch things move?

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Principle of locality

Things need to touch to move. A push travels from one spot to another. It cannot jump across space. It must move through the air. This helps us know how things work. Do you see things move?

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Prism lighting

Special glass can move light. It takes sun from the window. Then it sends light deep into a room. This helps make a room bright. It helps us see better. Do you like bright rooms?

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Probability amplitude

Tiny things act in a strange way. They can be in many places at once. We use math to guess where they are. This helps us find them. It is like a game of hide and seek. Can you imagine being in two places at once?

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Problem of time

Scientists think about time. It is a big mystery. Some say time stays the same. Others say time can change. We want to know the truth. Does time really move? What do you think about time?

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Proceedings of the Royal Society

This is a book for science. It shares big ideas. Smart people write in it. It helps us learn how things work. It is a very old book. Do you like to learn new things?

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Product (chemistry)

Things change when they mix. New things are made. We call these new things products. They can be different from what we start with. This helps us make new things. Can you find things that change?

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Projectile

A thing flies through the air. You can throw a ball. You can kick a ball too. It moves fast and far. It goes up and then down. It is fun to watch! Can you throw a ball far?

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Projectile motion

When you throw a ball, it flies. It moves up and out. Then, the Earth pulls it down. The ball makes a curved path. This path looks like a hill. Can you throw a ball in a curve?

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Propagator

Tiny bits move in space. We use math to find them. It shows where a bit goes. It helps us see how things work. It is very neat. Can you imagine tiny bits moving?

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Proper time

Time can be different for everyone. A clock moves with you. It tells your own time. If you move fast, your time changes. This is a fun secret of space. Does your clock tick the same as mine?

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Propylene carbonate

This is a clear liquid. It has no smell. We use it to help make things. It is in some paints and makeup. It helps things work well. Do you use makeup?

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Protonation

Tiny bits can join together. These bits move very fast. They can join to make new things. This helps many things in our world work. It is a big part of how things change. Do you like to see how things change?

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Proton decay

Small bits make up everything. Some bits might break apart. This might happen in a very long time. We do not know if it is true. It is a big mystery. Do you like science mysteries?

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Prussian blue

Prussian blue is a dark blue color. It is used in many paints. It is also used in medicine to help people. People use it to make blue prints. It looks very pretty in art. Do you like the color blue?

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Pulse (physics)

A pulse is a small shake. It moves through things like a rope. The shake can go up or down. It can bounce back from the end. It might even flip over. Can you make a shake in a rope?

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Purine

Tiny parts help our bodies work. These parts are in our food. You can find them in meat. They are also in some fish. These parts help build our bodies. They help us grow. Do you like eating fish?

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Putrescine

Some things have a bad smell. This smell comes from tiny bits in nature. It is in plants and animals. It can even be in the air. It helps plants grow. Can you smell it?

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Pyotr Kapitsa

Pyotr Kapitsa was a smart man. He studied how cold things work. He found new ways to use cold air. This helped people in many ways. He even won a big prize. Do you like to learn new things?

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Pyridine

This is a clear liquid. It has a fishy smell. It can burn very fast. People use it to make medicine. It is also used for vitamins. Do you like the smell of fish?

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Pyrimidine

Small parts help make life. These parts are in you. They help build your body. They are even in space! They can be in rocks from stars. Do you want to learn more?

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Pyrolysis

Heat can change things. It can turn wood into black charcoal. This happens when we use lots of heat. It can even happen when we cook food. Sugar turns brown and tasty in a pan. Do you like brown food?

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QCD matter

Tiny bits make up everything. These bits stay stuck together. They stay stuck in a group. But things can get very hot. Then the bits break free. They act like a liquid. This happens in space. Can you imagine that?

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QCD vacuum

Space is not empty. It has tiny bits in it. These bits are very small. They are like little seeds. They help make the world. Can you find them? We are all part of it.

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QED vacuum

Empty space is not truly empty. It is full of tiny things. These things pop in and out. They stay for a very short time. This helps the world work. Can you imagine a space that is never still?

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Qualitative inorganic analysis

Scientists can find hidden things in water. They add special liquids to see changes. Some things turn blue or red. Other things turn into solid bits. This helps us know what is there. Can you see the colors?

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Quantitative analysis (chemistry)

We can find out how much is in a mix. We look at one part of a thing. We see how much of it is there. This helps us know a lot. It is a fun way to learn. Can you help us find out?

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Quantization (physics)

Small things move in tiny bits. They do not move in one long line. Instead, they come in small jumps. This helps us learn how light works. It also helps us see how atoms work. It is a big way to see the world. Do you…

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Quantum

Small bits make up our world. Light comes in tiny bits. These bits are very small. They help keep things steady. Everything is built from these bits. It is a big idea! Can you find small bits?

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Quantum contextuality

Tiny things act in a strange way. They do not always have one set shape. How we look at them changes them. This helps us build fast computers. It is a big mystery! Can you imagine that?

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Quantum fluctuation

Empty space is never truly empty. Small bits of energy pop up. They appear and then go away. This happens all the time. It helps make the world real. Can you imagine that?

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Quantum foam

Space might look like foam. It is not smooth. Tiny bits pop in and out. They make a bumpy sea. This helps us learn about space. Can you see the tiny bumps?

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Quantum Hall effect

{ "text": \"Tiny bits of power move in flat layers. A strong magnet helps them move. They move in very special steps. This helps us measure things just right. It is a neat way to work. Can you imagine tiny bits…

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Quantum harmonic oscillator

A tiny thing can bounce back and forth. It acts like a ball on a spring. It moves in a special way. This helps us learn about the world. It is very neat! Can you imagine it bouncing?

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Quantum indeterminacy

Small things can be hard to know. We cannot always see where they are. We cannot always know how they move. It is not because our tools are bad. It is just how the world works. Can you imagine that? It is very strange!

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