Syncline
Rocks can bend and fold. They make a shape like a bowl. New rocks sit in the middle. This helps us see the Earth. It is very cool to find. Can you find a rock bowl?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleEarth Science articles — Page 28
Explore rocks, volcanoes, weather, oceans and the processes that shape Earth. Choose an article below; its reading controls let you move between the available levels.
1,427 public articles · Page 28 of 30
System (stratigraphy)
Rocks form in many layers. These layers sit in a group. They all formed at the same time. This helps us know the past. It is like a book of Earth. Can you find rocks in the ground?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTaal Volcano
Taal is a big volcano. It sits in a lake. The lake is in the Philippines. This volcano can be very active. It is a special place to study. Do you like volcanoes?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTantalite
This is a dark rock. It is found in many places. It helps make strong metal. This metal is used in tools for doctors. It is very special. Can you find a dark rock?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTanzanite
Tanzanite is a pretty blue stone. It comes from a place called Tanzania. The stone can look blue or purple. It changes when the light hits it. We use it for jewelry. Do you like blue stones?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTarim River
The Tarim River is a long river. It flows through a dry desert. It comes from cold mountains. The water helps plants grow. It is a big part of the land. Do you like to see rivers?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTasman Glacier
A big river of ice is here. It is in New Zealand. It stays very cold. The ice is melting now. This makes a big lake. Can you see the ice?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTectonic uplift
The ground can move up. Big pieces of Earth push together. This makes tall mountains. It can even lift islands. The land grows slowly. Can you see a mountain?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTectonite
Some rocks change shape. Deep in the earth, forces push them. The tiny bits inside move around. This makes new patterns in the rock. It helps us learn how the earth moves. Can you find a cool rock?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTeide
Teide is a big volcano. It is on a sunny island. The mountain is very tall. It is the highest in Spain. Many people go to see it. Do you want to visit it?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTelluric iron
Some iron comes from the Earth. It is very hard to find. Most of it is in Greenland. People used it to make tools. It is very special. Do you want to see it?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTemperate forest
Some forests live in the middle parts of our world. They can be very wet or dry. Some trees lose their leaves in the cold. Other trees stay green all year. These woods are very big. They help our world stay healthy.…
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTerra Australis Orogen
Long ago, the Earth changed. Big pieces of land moved. They made a long line of mountains. This line was very, very long. It helped make the world we know. Can you imagine such big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTerrace (geology)
A terrace is like a big step. It can be flat on top. It has a steep side too. Rivers and seas make them. They look like stairs in the land. Do you see any steps outside?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTerrain
The land has many shapes. It can be flat or high. Some places have big hills. The shape of the land helps water move. It even changes the weather. Do you like hills or flat land?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTethys Ocean
A long time ago, a big ocean lived here. It sat between huge lands. This ocean was very wide. It helped make the seas we see now. It was a home for many sea animals. Can you imagine a giant ocean?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleThalweg
A river has a deep part. This is the lowest path. The water flows here. It helps boats move. This path marks a line. It can even be a border. Do you like to play in rivers?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTheory of tides
The sea goes up and down. This is called the tide. The moon pulls on the water. This pull makes the sea move. It helps us know when to swim. Do you like the sea?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleThermochronology
Rocks tell us a story. They can show how hot the ground was. Scientists look at rocks to learn this. It helps us know how mountains grow. It is like a time machine for Earth. Do you want to be a rock explorer?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleThermocline
Water can have layers. The top part is warm. The bottom part is cold. This happens in lakes and oceans. It can look like wrinkled glass. Can you feel the cold water?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleThermosphere
The air high up is very hot. It is far above the ground. It sits near outer space. The sun makes it warm. Space stations fly in this part. Can you look up at the sky?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleThiên Đường Cave
This is a very big cave. It is in a place called Vietnam. It is very long. It has pretty rocks inside. You can walk on a path to see it. It looks like a dream. Do you want to see it?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleThomas Chrowder Chamberlin
Thomas was a man who studied rocks. He looked at the Earth. He learned how ice shaped the land. He taught many students. His work helps us today. Do you like to look at rocks?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleThorianite
Some rocks are very rare. This black rock is heavy. It can be found in river sand. It has a lot of special parts inside. It is a neat find! Have you seen a black rock?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTidal range
The sea goes up and down. It moves with the moon. High water is very high. Low water is very low. The gap between them is the range. Can you see the waves?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTide pool
Tide pools are small pools of sea water. They stay on rocks when the sea goes out. Many small animals live there. You can see sea stars and crabs. It is fun to look at them! Do you want to see them?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTill
Big ice moves over the land. It picks up rocks and sand. The ice leaves them in a messy pile. This pile is called till. It can even have gold in it! Have you seen rocks in the dirt?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTimeline of meteorology
People study the sky. They look at clouds and rain. They want to know about the weather. This helps us stay safe. It is very fun to learn. Do you like the rain?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTipping points in the climate system
Our Earth can change fast. Sometimes, a small change makes a big shift. This can happen to ice or trees. These changes may stay for a long time. It is good to learn how it works. Do you want to see how?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTitanite
Titanite is a pretty rock. It can be green or brown. Some look like bright gems. These rocks can be found in many places. They are very special to see. Do you like shiny rocks?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTodgha Gorge
Deep rocks make a path in Morocco. Rivers cut through the tall stone walls. The walls are very high. You can walk on the dry ground. Water flows fast when it rains. It is a grand place to see. Do you like big rocks?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTonga Trench
There is a deep place in the sea. It is a long, dark crack. It is the second deepest spot on Earth. Many tiny worms live down there. It is a very big wonder. Can you imagine the deep sea?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTopaz
Topaz is a pretty stone. It can be many colors. Some are blue or gold. People use them in jewelry. They look very nice! Do you like bright colors?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTopography
We study the shape of the land. It shows hills and flat spots. Maps help us find roads and trees. Maps also help us build big things. It is fun to look at maps. Do you like maps?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTopsoil
Topsoil is the top layer of dirt. It helps plants grow big. It has food for roots. Many tiny bugs live there too. This dirt is very special. Do you like to play in the dirt?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTourmaline
Tourmaline is a pretty stone. It comes in many colors. Some are pink and green. Some are blue or red. These gems look very bright. They can even change color. Do you have a favorite color?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTrace fossil
Some fossils are not body parts. They are marks left by life. An animal might walk in mud. It might dig a home. These marks show how animals lived. They help us learn about the past. Can you find a footprint?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTransform fault
Big pieces of Earth slide past each other. They move side to side. This can happen under the sea. It can happen on land too. This move can make the ground shake. Can you feel the Earth move?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTransition zone (Earth)
Deep under our feet is rock. This rock is in a special place. The rock changes as it gets deeper. It gets much tighter and heavy. This helps our Earth stay strong. It is a big, hidden world. Can you imagine deep rock?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTrans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
There are many big mountains in Mexico. These mountains are volcanoes. Some have snow on top. They help plants grow in the dirt. Many people live near them. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTriple junction
Big pieces of Earth meet at a point. These pieces are called plates. Three plates can meet in one spot. This spot is a triple junction. It helps us learn how our world moves. Can you find a map of the Earth?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTroilite
This is a rare rock from space. It comes from rocks called meteorites. We find it on the Moon and Mars. It helps us learn about space. It is very special to see. Have you seen a shooting star?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTronador
There is a big mountain called Tronador. It is very tall. It has much ice on it. The ice makes loud sounds like thunder. People like to climb it. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTropical cyclogenesis
Big storms form over warm oceans. They need hot water to grow. They also need wet air. The wind helps them spin. These storms can be very strong. Have you seen a big storm?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTropical cyclone forecasting
People study big storms. They try to see where they go. This helps us stay safe. We watch the wind and rain. It is a big job. Can you help us watch the sky?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTropical cyclone preparedness
Big storms can bring wind and rain. They can also bring high waves. We can get ready for them. We can keep water and food at home. This helps us stay safe. Are you ready to learn more?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTropical cyclone rainfall forecasting
Big storms bring lots of rain. Scientists try to guess the rain. They use tools to help us. This helps keep us safe. Do you like the rain?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleTropical cyclone track forecasting
People try to guess where big storms go. They look at the clouds and the sea. They use fast computers to help. This helps keep us safe. We watch the weather closely. Do you like to watch the clouds?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article